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In computer science, a radix tree (also radix trie or compact prefix tree) is a data structure that represents a space-optimized trie in which each node that is the only child is merged with its parent. The result is that the number of children of every internal node is at least the radix of the radix trie, where is a positive integer and a power of 2, having ≥ 1. Unlike in regular tries, edges can be labeled with sequences of elements as well as single elements. This makes radix trees much more efficient for small sets (especially if the strings are long) and for sets of strings that share long prefixes. Unlike regular trees (where whole keys are compared ''en masse'' from their beginning up to the point of inequality), the key at each node is compared chunk-of-bits by chunk-of-bits, where the quantity of bits in that chunk at that node is the radix of the radix trie. When the is 2, the radix trie is binary (i.e., compare that node's 1-bit portion of the key), which minimizes sparseness at the expense of maximizing trie depth—i.e., maximizing up to conflation of nondiverging bit-strings in the key. When is an integer power of 2 greater or equal to 4, then the radix trie is an -ary trie, which lessens the depth of the radix trie at the expense of potential sparseness. As an optimization, edge labels can be stored in constant size by using two pointers to a string (for the first and last elements). Note that although the examples in this article show strings as sequences of characters, the type of the string elements can be chosen arbitrarily; for example, as a bit or byte of the string representation when using multibyte character encodings or Unicode. == Applications == Radix trees are useful for constructing associative arrays with keys that can be expressed as strings. They find particular application in the area of IP routing, where the ability to contain large ranges of values with a few exceptions is particularly suited to the hierarchical organization of IP addresses.〔Knizhnik, Konstantin. ( "Patricia Tries: A Better Index For Prefix Searches" ), ''Dr. Dobb's Journal'', June, 2008.〕 They are also used for inverted indexes of text documents in information retrieval. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「radix tree」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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